From now on, the platform launched the courseware QQ group. The group owner found the courseware suitable for the mines in the vast amount of materials (the geophysical remote environment project), and now share it with the industry colleagues! In order to ensure the quality of the group, the group leader will group the courseware Set up as a paid group (10 yuan), collection is not easy, and I hope to understand. You can search for the group number by QQ, pay to enter the exchange, download! introduction General Secretary Xi Jinping "We want to Guanghui, but also Jinshan Silver Hill" ecological civilization into a discussion of the status and material and spiritual civilization equally important to lay a solid ideological foundation for the construction of ecological civilization and mining and management practices. As a key area of ​​ecological civilization, the mine environment has received extensive attention from the government and society. The environmental problems of the mine are accompanied by the whole process of mine development and production. The environmental issues involved include the atmosphere, water, soil, geological environment and other aspects. The current status of the management system also determines that the business involved is dispersed among the relevant departments and belongs to the management mode of coordinated management. In recent years, China has achieved a series of experiences and achievements in mine environmental management, but there is still a certain gap in the demand for economic and social development. At present, the research on the mine environment focuses on the research of methods and technologies. This paper mainly studies the current mine environmental management issues from the perspective of management system. I. Analysis of the institutional relationship of mine environmental management 1.1 Horizontal departmental collaboration Mine environmental management is at the combination of resource management, environmental management and production management, and its particularity makes it difficult for mine environmental management coordination work. Although the reform of “majority system†contributes to the integration of functions, the environmental problems of mines are accompanied by the whole process of mining development. The reform direction of China’s large-scale system tends to be similar to horizontal functions and related institutions, rather than based on industry. The extension of the vertical industry Chain, which makes mine environmental management still need cross-department coordination to achieve results. According to the process, the environmental damage caused by mining is generally divided into direct damage to the surface or underground environment, waste generated during the mining process, and pollution of harmful substances to the atmosphere, water and soil. However, the current mine environmental management system and functional allocation are not configured according to the production process (Table 1). If the management functions are re-divided, the collapse of the stratum, tailings, waste rock, and groundwater environmental problems will be destroyed by the geological environment of the mine. The functional scope of the resource department; soil looseness, surface water damage, soil erosion, etc. are water and soil destruction, belonging to the functional scope of the water conservancy sector; waste water, waste gas, waste residue, etc. are industrial production "three wastes", belonging to the functional scope of the environmental protection department; the surface is bare, Vegetation deforestation, land overmolding and other damages are ecological landscape destruction, and belong to the functional areas of agriculture and forestry and other departments. Due to the imperfect management system of the horizontal, in the actual work, some of the link standards are not unified, the powers and responsibilities are crossed, and the government has multiple exits, which leads to the weakening of the joint force. Cross-provincial mine environment coordination, the establishment of various programs, permits, evaluations and approvals, and the coordination of law enforcement and regulatory forces, etc., need to further optimize the integration. 1.2 Vertical management system model There are three main management systems in the vertical direction: vertical management, territorial management, and dual management (Figure 1). In the departments that implement vertical management, the macro-level control efforts of the higher levels have been strengthened, but the communication and cooperation with the lower-level governments need to be strengthened; the implementation of the territorial management department will help the local government to coordinate the deployment and work, but local protectionism is easy to produce in the process of administrative law enforcement. . Various departments involved in environmental management in mining, land and resources to implement the vertical management system below the provincial level, the provincial environmental protection department is promoting the following law enforcement to monitor the pilot vertical management system, coal mine safety supervision department supervision departments to implement the central vertical management system, development and reform department And the agriculture, forestry, and water management departments are the territorial management systems implemented. On the other hand, the local resource and environmental management system has different types of urban and rural planning and resource management system, environmental protection and resource unified management system, land resources and marine unified management system, and also makes the relevant local departments increase when docking superior departments. The workload. For example, the departments that implement the planning and unified land management system must not only perform the planning tasks of the higher-level construction departments, but also the planning tasks of the higher-level national departments. The vertical management system is very different. The vertical management departments often implement dual management in practice, and the differences in local resource and environmental management systems have further increased the difficulty of collaboration in mine development, environmental protection, and pollution prevention. 1.3 Central government division of power and institutional relationship The conclusion of the central institutional relationship in China is a stress-based system of performance evaluation, and the lower-level government strives to complete the performance appraisal task of higher-level government. For a long time, the most important indicator for the lower level of higher-level assessment is economic development. Governments at all levels have adapted to this assessment model and formed a resource concept of heavy resources development and light environmental protection. To reverse this situation, we must not only change the "ideas" in our thinking, but also establish a new concept of resources and development that "not only Jinshan Yinshan, but also green water and clear mountains", but also work hard on institutional mechanisms. Make full use of the characteristics of the pressure-based system, in the performance evaluation system, the environmental protection responsibility and economic development responsibilities are listed in the same position; in accordance with the principle of power, responsibility and consistency, clear the central, provincial and municipal governments in the mine environmental protection And responsibility in the construction of mine ecological civilization. 1.4 Relationship between government and enterprises The management game relationship of the mine environment involves the government, the enterprise and the public (Figure 2). The mine environmental management department assumes the responsibility of mine environmental protection and aims to pursue the environmental protection effect of the mine. To this end, a series of administrative legal instruments and measures such as various evaluations, programs and permits are adopted. Mining companies tend to reduce costs as much as possible, with the goal of pursuing economic benefits, and the willingness to environmental governance is weak. It is often used to evade responsibility for environmental governance by means of abandoning poverty, exceeding pollutant emissions, and avoiding taxes and fees. In the public, in recent years, citizens' environmental awareness has been continuously improved, aiming at the pursuit of a more comfortable production and living environment. In addition to petitions and online communication, major environmental problems are also prone to mass incidents. The difference in the dominant objectives between the three has produced a game relationship that has affected the environmental protection effect of the mine. In order to achieve economic goals, some local governments have adopted selective law enforcement or local protectionism, and even directly sheltered polluting mining enterprises. However, if the public's legitimate demands for polluting mining enterprises fail to receive timely feedback, they will also cause mass incidents. Some improper measures adopted by individual governments to cover up the incident will further intensify social conflicts. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the government's law enforcement supervision mechanism, public participation supervision mechanism and corporate social responsibility integrity mechanism, and drive the three parties' goal-oriented convergence under external constraints to form a synergy. Second, conclusions and recommendations 2.1 Local co-ordination to promote the comprehensive management of landscape lakes and lakes From the perspective of management system, the biggest difficulty in mine environmental management lies in the division of powers and responsibilities and departmental coordination. Only local governments can coordinate the advancement of various departments to achieve significant results. The central government is advancing the comprehensive management of ecological restoration of landscape forest lakes, and mine environmental management is an important part of it, which provides a good way for the construction of mine ecological civilization. The integration of mine environmental management into the comprehensive management of landscape forest lakes and lakes can give full play to the advantages of local governments in coordinating the efforts of various departments to promote mine environmental management. It will help solve the problem of overlapping of powers and responsibilities or unclear responsibilities of various departments, and jointly promote the improvement of mine environment and the construction of mine ecological civilization, and also provide collaborative experience for all departments to cooperate and promote mine environment work. 2.2 Scientific and rational division of government management rights The division of powers determines the function configuration, the functional configuration determines the scope of performance, and the coordination of rights, responsibilities and interests can promote the improvement of mine environmental management level. Therefore, the scientific division of power is of paramount importance. First, in the horizontal direction, the responsibilities between departments are further refined. The “three-set plan†of each department is only the division of functional sections. However, there are many specific details and emergencies in the actual work of mine environmental supervision, and even there are “blank†areas, which are most likely to lead to shirking or evading responsibility. The power of the matter should be further divided in the form of a normative document in the process of departmental collaboration. In the vertical direction, the division of powers in the central government should be as consistent as possible, and should be avoided, and there should be no responsibility or responsibility. The local system involving resource and environmental management is inconsistent with the central government. Therefore, while scientifically dividing the resources and environment of the central government, the local government departments should further clarify the functional boundaries so that the central government can strengthen its macro-control capabilities. Give play to the advantages of local co-ordination. 2.3 Merger and integration of mine environmental management issues Each department manages the mine environment according to the organization and function configuration, but only pays attention to its own scope of responsibility in the management direction. The related evaluations, plans and licenses are easy to cause management fragmentation. At present, matters related to mine environmental management include environmental impact assessment, mine geological environment restoration and treatment plan, land reclamation plan, sewage permit, environmental protection acceptance, soil and water conservation plan, forest land occupation approval, and clean production evaluation. The fragmentation of management not only affects management efficiency, but also adds burden to mining enterprises. It is recommended to further merge the mine environment-related programs, permits, evaluations and approvals, improve working mechanisms, and improve management efficiency. At present, the mine environmental restoration and management plan and the land reclamation plan have been merged, which is an important integration of the mine environmental management plan. The merger of the two programs is not only the merger of the requirements, but also further improvement within the internal, so that the integration of the program has indeed made significant progress in improving management efficiency, facilitating construction operations, and reducing the burden on enterprises. 2.4 The balance of environmental and economic indicators in the performance appraisal China's management system has its own characteristics. The pressure-based system enables all levels of government to accomplish the task of planning, and accordingly forms a series of rules and regulations, and forms relevant measures and means. The long-term economically-oriented indicator system has enabled the government to form a mature working method and supporting measures to achieve the goal, while the environmental indicators are relatively blurred. In the process of mine environmental management, the advantages of the pressure-based system should be fully utilized, and the environmental indicators, including the mine environment, should be made to be detailed and equal to the economic indicators. Forcing the government to fully consider the relationship between the performance of the environment and development, and comprehensively consider the effect of governance. Let government leaders form the same important concept of environment and development, and implement it in law enforcement management to be reflected in the performance table. Pp Rope,Pp Rope Strand Rope,White Color Pp Rope,Pp Rope With Red Color Yangzhou Jieerte Steel Cable Co., Ltd , https://www.nbjieertesteelcable.com