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Discussion on the setting of water pump room
[Abstract] This paper discusses the key considerations in the design and placement of water pump rooms, focusing on the differences between separate and centralized pump room configurations. In water supply and drainage design, the location of the pump room—whether within a building or outside—often raises questions about whether to establish a separate or centralized system. Properly setting up a pump room not only enhances building quality but also helps developers reduce capital investment, as well as future maintenance and operational costs. The following sections analyze two common scenarios: the setup of a separate pump room and a centralized pump room, highlighting important issues to consider.
In single-building applications, a separate pump room is typically located at the bottom of the building, which is considered the most economical option due to shorter pipelines and minimal overall impact. However, pump noise can lead to complaints from residents, especially when the pump’s quality varies significantly. For example, in mixed-use buildings where lower floors are commercial spaces and upper floors are residential, placing the pump room inside may have less impact on residents, as the noise is dampened by multiple layers of structures. Similarly, in high-rise buildings, pumps may be placed either on the ground, underground, or within the building itself. Using stainless steel submersible or silent pumps can reduce noise, but each option has its own drawbacks, such as increased investment or conflicts with local regulations like Shanghai's "Residential Design Standards" (DGJ08-20-2001), which states that pump houses should not be located in residential buildings. It is recommended that this wording be adjusted to "not suitable" to allow for more flexible and practical placements, especially when noise levels are controlled.
For multi-building complexes, centralized pump rooms are often preferred to avoid redundant investments and simplify management. According to the "Code for Design of Civil Building Water Fire Extinguishing Systems" (DGJ08-94-2001), the service radius of a centralized pump room should not exceed 150 meters, and the pressure should not exceed 0.45 MPa. In practice, this requires careful planning based on site conditions. For instance, in industrial areas with multiple buildings, a centralized pump room located at the load center can be efficient. In residential areas, it is often more cost-effective to place the pump room in a commercial or underground garage rather than in a standalone building. Additionally, strict regulations regarding sanitation and pollution control must be followed, such as keeping sewage pipes and pollutants away from water tanks.
In high-rise residential areas, if basements are not interconnected, a centralized pump room may not be ideal due to high-pressure requirements and potential disruptions to pipeline integration. However, if basements are connected, a centralized system can be more efficient, as internal piping is easier to maintain. Based on experiences in cities like Shanghai, where water supply lines inside buildings belong to developers and those outside belong to the utility company, coordination between departments is essential for optimal design.
In conclusion, the placement of a water pump room is a critical aspect of water supply and drainage design. During the construction phase, water and drainage professionals should be involved early to explore various options. As the design progresses, real-world conditions—including local utility policies and project timelines—must be taken into account. By working closely with architectural teams, an economical and practical pump room configuration can be achieved.