In the simulation environment test equipment, the programmable constant temperature and humidity test chamber is widely used in the detection and research and development of heat, cold, dry and moisture resistance in the fields of electronics, electrics, auto parts, and metal products. Its main components are humidification, heating, refrigeration, and control systems. The main principle of humidification is to turn water into water and heat so that the humidity in the test chamber can be controlled. Therefore, the installation of the humidification system of the programmable constant temperature and humidity test box is actually the installation of the humidification water.
As you know, the printed circuit board plays a vital role in electronic products, so you need to consider how to choose the right material in your PCB manufacturing. JHYPCB can offer you the lowest possible costs and the very finest in high-quality PCB fabrication and high-quality PCB assembly. However, there are many different types of PCB materials, such as FR-4 material, HDI material, Rogers PCB material, and so on. In general, we use the standard FR-4 material for the printed circuit boards to reduce product costs, which is a good option because FR-4 material is affordable and useful for many applications. However, FR-4 material is not the only type of PCB material; comparing to PCB material, FR-4 material, and Rogers material is essential.
What is FR4?
FR-4 or FR4`s properties and characteristics make it very versatile at an affordable cost. Before the explosion of multilayer PCBs, there were many alternative board materials to FR4. These included FR2, CEM 1, and CEM 3, which were paper-based. However, the strength of FR4, especially for multilayer PCB boards, was a significant factor in separating it from alternatives to become the industry standard. Therefore, Most PCBs are made using FR4 as the base material.
Its glass transition (TG) is 115°C to 200°C for the High TGs or HiTGs, depending on the manufacturing methods and the resins used. A standard FR-4 PCB will have a layer of FR-4 sandwiched between two thin layers of laminated copper.
The Different Types of FR-4 Available From JHYPCB
Standard FR4
1. FR-4 material is cheaper than Rogers material.
FR4 is indeed a good standard or default option for your board material in most cases. However, there are cases where FR4 is not the best material for your board, as listed below.
FR4 is rightly the most used material in PCB construction. Boards made from FR4 are strong, water resistant, and provide good insulation between copper layers that minimizes interference and supports good signal integrity. However, at high frequencies and in environments, FR4 is not the best material to use for your boards. At JHYPCB, the industry leader in fast, high-quality PCB Prototype and low-volume manufacturing, we are capable to meet your board material needs for any case. We will work with you to help you select the materials that will best implement your design intent. Fr4 PCB, Fr-4 Substrate PCB, PCB Material Fr4, Fr4 PCB Material JingHongYi PCB (HK) Co., Limited , https://www.pcbjhy.com
The installation method is as follows:
1. First, inject the recovery tank into pure water or distilled water (do not use tap water, etc., so as to avoid clogging during use, and the tester cannot operate normally), and add it to about nine minutes;
2. Check whether the maintenance valve is relevant (closed with the vertical direction of the water pipe);
3. After power supply is properly configured for about 3 minutes, please pay attention to the supply water tank and the water level of the water level controller. Always maintain more than half of the water level (see the observation port at the front and bottom of the machine).
4. When replenishing humidifying water, when the water level is insufficient, pure water or distilled water is injected into the water tank, and a small water pump is used to pump the tank to the water supply system for the automatic water circulation system.
Precautions:
1. Check whether the wet ball super wet protection switch of the programmable constant temperature and humidity test box is set to 150°C (this value is the safety protection range);
2, confirm whether the amount of water is sufficient;
3, confirm the cover of the tank is properly covered;
4. Make sure that the tank water is clean and free of debris;
5. Check whether the humidified gauze is not hardened or yellowed;
6, check the water level after 3 to 5 minutes after the humidification tank water supply, the bucket water needs to cover the humidification tube about 1 centimeter;
7. Whether the water in the humidifying tank is clean (The water in the humidifying tank should be drained regularly to keep the inside clean);
8. Confirmation of the drain pipe (whether the drain pipe is properly connected or the drain valve is closed)
PCB Material Fr4 Substrate PCB Board Manufacturing Service
FR4 is a standard defined by the NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) for a glass-reinforced epoxy resin laminate.
"FR" indicates the material is flame-retardant, and the "4" indicates woven glass-reinforced epoxy resin. Single or double-sided PCB structures consist of an FR4 core and top and bottom copper layers. Multilayer PCB boards have additional prepreg layers between the center core and top and bottom copper layers. The core consists of a substrate with copper covering, also referred to as a copper-clad laminate(CCL). The core, laminate, and prepreg may all be FR4 with the copper sheets between the signal and ground layers. FR4 is the most common material grade that comprises fabricated circuit boards.
FR4 materials and characteristics
FR-4 uses bromine, a so-called halogen chemical element that is fire resistant. It replaced G-10, another less resistant composite, in most of its applications.
FR4 has the advantage of having an excellent resistance-weight ratio. It does not absorb water, keeps high mechanical strength, and has an excellent insulating capacity in dry or humid environments.
Examples of FR-4
Factors to consider when choosing the thickness
JHYPCB STANDARD FR-4 MATERIAL PROPERTIES
FR4 High TG
FR4 High IRC
FR4 with no copper
The Difference Between FR-4 Material and Rogers Material
2. Comparing to FR-4 material, Rogers material is great with high frequencies.
3. FR-4 material has a high Df or dissipation factor than Rogers material, suffering more signal loss.
4. In impedance stability, Rogers material has a wider range of Dk values than FR-4 material.
5. For dielectric constant, FR-4 features a Dk of about 4.5, which is lower than Rogers material with around 6.15 to 11.
6. In temperature management, Rogers material has a less variation comparing to FR-4 material.
When is FR4 Not the Best Material For Your Board?
If your boards will be distributed in Europe and must adhere to The Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) or your client necessitates that lead-free soldering be used, then you may want to explore other material options. This is due to the fact that reflow temperatures for no-lead PCBA(Lead-free PCB Assembly) may reach as high as 250°C, which substantially exceeds the Tg for many versions of FR4.
At high frequencies, FR4 boards are not able to maintain a constant impedance and reflections may occur that negatively impact signal integrity. This is a consequence of the relatively high value for dk.
It is also ill-advised to use FR4 if the PCB will be required to operate in an environment under extremely high temperatures. An example would be near the engine compartment of an aerospace vehicle.
And to help you get started on the best path, we furnish information for your DFM checks. If you are ready to have your design manufactured, Try to contact us via email.