April 19, 2024

Intelligent Traffic RFID and Video Dual-Computer Recognition System

With the improvement of the national economy and the development of road traffic, intelligent transportation has become a research focus in the field of transportation technology. As the core component of intelligent transportation, license plate recognition plays an important role in the intelligent management of traffic management. At present, the main road vehicle monitoring technology is image or video recognition. This illegal video capture and electronic camera supervision technology has certain defects in its use, that is, it cannot accurately capture every car. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is a non-contact automatic identification technology. The use of radio frequency identification technology can make up for the lack of video recognition and provide digital information for vehicles, automation of vehicle identification, and intelligent management of vehicles. A good smart platform.

In this paper, the urban road vehicles as the main research object, through the collection of electronic tags and video license plate number, dual-machine matching recognition. It can automatically monitor the passing vehicles, constrain the driver's illegal behavior, improve the level of traffic management, and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.

1, RFID electronic tag identification system

The components of a complete RFID system are: electronic tags, readers, antennas, and application system software.

(1) Electronic tag electronic tag A module and a memory chip are collectively packaged in a single card. By operating each electronic tag, the tag information can be stored and managed at any time. For specific information, Protect it with encryption. This design adopts electronic tags conforming to the ISO18000-6C international standard. Each electronic tag storage area is divided into four parts: RESERVED area, EPC area, TID area, and USER area. The logical addressing of all memory banks starts from 00h. The RESERVED area is used to store the password required for the kill and access functions; the EPC area is used to store the code for identifying the tag attachment object; the TID area is used to store the unique serial number written when the tag is shipped; and the USER area is used to store user-specific data. In this design, the EPC area is used only as an electronic identifier, and the license plate number, electronic ID number, vehicle body color, vehicle type, and a certain coding rule are stored in the USER area.

(2) RFID reader The RFID reader mainly reads and writes data in the electronic tag, and uses the space electromagnetic field to read the tag content and send control commands to the tag. Another important role of the reader is to determine the operating frequency of the entire RFID system. The operating frequency and power of the reader will directly determine the communication distance between the reader and the electronic tag. The general reader includes an antenna, a radio frequency module, a control module, and various types of interface modules connected to the computer.

(3) The antenna antenna is a key part of the wireless radio frequency system. Its main function is to convert the electromagnetic wave emitted by the electronic tag into a current signal and transmit it to the reader. At the same time, the current signal of the reader is converted into an electromagnetic signal and transmitted through the antenna. When the electronic tag enters a valid working area, the RF pulse from the receiving reader is rectified to charge the capacitor. When the capacitor voltage is regulated, it can be used as the working voltage of the tag, so that the electronic tag has enough energy to encode itself. Information is sent via the built-in RF antenna. The reader antenna receives the modulated signal sent from the tag and transmits it to the reader signal processing module through the antenna adjuster. After demodulation and decoding, the reader sends the valid information to the background host system for related processing. The host system recognizes the identity of the tag according to logical operations, performs corresponding processing and control for different settings, and finally issues an instruction signal to control the reader to perform different reading and writing operations.

(4) Application System Application system is mainly composed of middleware and application software. The middleware is composed of host, server, and communication hardware interfaces. It is often used to build computer network resources and enables various application technologies to implement data communication and information sharing. Application software is at the upper level of the hardware platform and is a system software or stand-alone program. The data processing of electronic tags by application programs is implemented through RFID middleware. The middleware is connected to the application port through an application program interface (API) so as to realize the instructions and data of the application program-middleware-reader-electronic tag. Transmission, and then to read and write electronic tags.

2. Video license plate recognition system
Video recognition technology is a technology based on computer vision technology and video image processing, which monitors and analyzes road surface moving objects. It can detect vehicles on monitored roads and automatically extract vehicle license plate information (including Chinese characters, English letters, and Arabic numerals. And number plate color) after processing. The generally complete video license plate recognition system includes a front-end system, a communication system, and a back-end system.

(1) The front-end system is composed of a road traffic video surveillance subsystem, a tunnel traffic video surveillance subsystem and a high-point traffic video surveillance subsystem. The main functions to achieve are: video capture and return, high-definition video charge coupled device (CCD) monitoring camera equipment to obtain video, and sampling the video stream, analyzing the license plate number, using international coding format, Digitize the video back to the back office system.

(2) The communication system adopts wired or wireless transmission, and the data of the front-end system is delivered to the back-end system.

(3) The back-end system is mainly used to parse the data collected by the front-end system and realize video surveillance, playback, system management, and query functions.

3, RFID and video two-machine recognition system construction

3.1 The basic work flow of RFID system This design adopts a reader conforming to the ISO18000-6C international standard. When the target vehicle carrying the electronic tag appears in the working range of the reader, the magnetic field emitted by the reader is all electronic tags in the area. Read and write operations, when each electronic tag receives the signal from the reader, parses according to the received signal, returns a high-frequency carrier signal containing the target information, and transmits it through the analog RF module in the card. The receiving antenna receives the electronic tag. The transmitted carrier signal is parsed by the reader decoder to extract the corresponding information, and ultimately realizes the system's automatic identification and information collection of the target vehicle.

3.2 Dual-system system identification process In this design, the RFID system identification distance can reach 20m ~ 25m, so the entire dual-system identification system will be implemented from the RF system. First, the inventory operation is performed, and the inventory operation is mainly used to detect whether there is an electronic tag in the radio frequency area. In order to avoid undetectable conditions due to the speed of the vehicle, the interval between each check operation is as short as possible, which is about 0.2 seconds. The length of the detection area is generally about 5m ~ 15m, so when the vehicle is less than 180km/h, it can be detected at least once, but usually the inventory operation can detect several times to dozens of times, which is determined by the speed of the vehicle. . After detecting the electronic tag in the area, the number of electronic tags in the radio frequency area and the electronic product code (EPC) of each tag can be obtained. Since the EPC code is used as the unique identifier of the tag, the EPC code is used to locate the corresponding tag. Read the data in the label's USER area and store the resulting contents in a temporary list.

Since the inventory operation is performed once every 0.2s, a large amount of duplicate data will be obtained, excess data needs to be removed, leaving only the record of entering the antenna RF area for the first time. The first data segment of this record is the timestamp in milliseconds, and the second The data segment is the contents of the USER area, and the maintained data is stored in the original ID database.

The video recognition system uses dynamic triggering, and the camera can set the trigger position and lane width. When the vehicle travels to the trigger position, a trigger photograph is taken and one trigger triggers at least 3 photographs, namely a license plate photograph, an illegal photograph, and a panoramic photograph. The license plate photos are subjected to positioning, character segmentation, character recognition, etc., to obtain vehicle number plates and other information, and the license plate information is stored in a video recognition database.

The original ID database is the core part of the whole set of dual-machine recognition system. It matches the video license plate number of each photographed and the electronic tag data in 5s one by one. The main content of the match is the video identification number and the license plate number of the USER area.

Matching results are divided into two types: match success and match failure. If the match succeeds, it means that the video number finds the corresponding electronic tag number, so there is no case of vehicle deck and belongs to the legal vehicle. The license plate information and the electronic tag information identified this time are also stored in the corresponding relation database. Matching failure includes two kinds of situations: one is due to hardware system identification problems, light or angle problems lead to video system or radio frequency system identification error; the second is in the case of video and RF systems are working properly, the match is not successful, indicating the existence of the number Card fraud, decks and other conditions, the car is illegal vehicles. The video identification information and tag information are stored in two separate databases. In both databases, the first segment of the stored data is a millisecond timestamp, which is beneficial to the management of the database and reduces the difficulty of later manual enforcement. At the same time, in order to ensure that the collected video identification number traverses the speed of the entire database, it is necessary to periodically clear the original ID database and clear it approximately once every 1.5 minutes.

4, the experimental results

The RFID part of the dual-system identification system uses the ZXRIS6700 reader, the ZXRID6602 card issuer, and the ZXRID2621 ceramic tag. The maximum communication distance of the reader is 25m. The maximum transmission rate is 160Kb/s in the forward direction and 640Kb/s in the reverse direction. The video recognition part adopts the Haikang iDS-2CD9361-S type camera with 5 million pixels, which can realize dynamic triggering and front-end analysis. Dual-machine identification equipment installation shown in Figure 5.

In the one-way two-lane road, since the installation amount of the electronic tag is relatively small, about 100 sheets, the dual-machine matching recognition function can be well realized, and the obtained data can be stored in the database according to the specified coding rules. . For matching failed data, highlight the database. The system is easy to install, with simple networking and simple operation. It can provide application reference for the promotion of large-scale dual-machine recognition technology.

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