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The initial and soaking fall values ​​on the 45th day after flowering and on the day of ripening harvest were significantly different between varieties, and had significant and extremely negative correlations with the germination rate at different developmental stages. c Table 2) The drop value of the stronger group was significantly higher than that of the weaker resistance group. It shows that the falling value is closely related to the germination resistance. The fall value actually reflects the size of the a-amylase activity. With a high fall value, the amylase activity is low and vice versa. However, hemicellulase, protease, and starch phosphorylase also affect the magnitude of the fall value. Hemicelluloses and proteins are also important storages for wheat, and their decomposition is accomplished by hemicellulases and proteases, respectively. In the varieties with low landing value, the decomposition of starch, hemicellulose, and protein in grains is fast, which is very favorable to the germination of grain embryos. Therefore, the resistance to ear sprouting is weak, and vice versa.
The results of the Falling-Rate Tester showed that the correlation between the soaked a-amylase activity and the soaking fall value on the 35th day after flowering was the best in relation to the germination rate on the ear. Therefore, it may be more effective as a selection indicator of ear sprouting resistance. good. In addition, there was a high correlation between conductivity and respiratory intensity at 24 hours after flowering, water absorption rate at 0 to 75 minutes of grain, and germination rate at the ear, so the effect as a selection index was also satisfactory. In practical application, it depends on the manpower and material resources, and a unit with good conditions can apply these indicators at the same time for identification. If the conditions are poor, the first three indicators can be used for initial screening, and then used again. Amylase activity and drop value were further identified.
Falling-value meter to study the physiological and biochemical characteristics of pre-harvest sprouting in wheat
Before harvest, wheat encounters rain or sprouts in a moist environment. The pre-harvest sprouting of wheat not only affects the yield, but also affects the quality (especially the processing quality), storage and the next year's sowing quality f4,121, which causes different degrees of economic losses to wheat production. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further research on wheat germination before harvest. The rates of ear top germination, a-amylase activity, fall value, endogenous ABA content of seeds, and the conductivity and respiration of grain after water absorption were measured at 2S and 35 days after flowering in different wheat varieties (lines) planted in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The rate of grain water absorption, etc., aims to explore the physiological and biochemical characteristics of pre-harvest sprouting in wheat, and to seek a more accurate selection index of the resistance to ear sprouting. Falling value meter is an important instrument for measuring the fall value.